Impacto de la vitamina D en el microambiente inmunológico del cáncer de colon: resultados de un ensayo clínico aleatorizado de suplementación preoperatoria de vitamina D en pacientes con cáncer de colon en estadio I-III

expression were performed on paired tumor samples from 24 patients. VitD significantly increased plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels (P<0.001), increased CD3+CD8+ memory T cells (P=0.03), reduced CD3+CD4+FoxP3+ regulatory T cells (P=0.02) and spatially re-organized the TME, leading to greater T cell and tumor cell proximity. Post-treatment VDR expression was heterogeneous and decreased overall (P=0.02). Spatial transcriptomic profiling of post-treatment resections reflected predominantly repressive VDR activity. These findings support an immunomodulatory role for VitD, warranting further mechanistic investigation.