Perspectivas integradas sobre la carcinogénesis colorrectal: patogénesis molecular, alteraciones genómicas, paradigmas diagnósticos, intervenciones terapéuticas y direcciones impulsadas por IA en oncología de precisión

monoclonal antibodies and targeted therapies, offer promising avenues for reducing disease burden. The review also explores recent advances in multi-omics integration and artificial intelligence driven analytics, which have transformed biomarker discovery, subtype classification, and therapeutic prediction in CRC. Emerging applications of machine learning (ML), radiogenomics, and quantum computing further highlight a paradigm shift toward precision oncology. This review underscores the need for precision oncology approaches that integrate molecular profiling, patient stratification, and personalized treatment to